科技

谷胱甘肽

谷胱甘肽(GSH)是人体主要抗氧化剂，对健康具有实质的影响。让我们来了解一下RiboCeine™如何帮助人体自然生成谷胱甘肽，并看看这项产品对你我有什么意义。

医生的优质推荐 

请一起听听唐‧科尔伯特医师及道格拉斯‧哈林顿医师介绍谷胱甘肽的重要性及Max International产品如何让这个重要的营养素改善我们的健康。

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7J1vOBlgX4&feature=youtu.be

RiboCeine独立研究

(Rib-Cys, Ribose-Cysteine, D-Ribose-L-Cysteine)

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Nagasawa, H.T.; Zera, R.T.; Fricke, R.F.; Goon, D.J. W. Prodrugs of L-cysteine as protective agents against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. 2-(polyhydroxyalky)-and 2-(Polyacetoxyalky)-Thiazolidine-4(R)-Carboxylic Acids. Med. Chem., 1987, 30, 1891-1896.

Roberts JC, Nagasawa HT, Zera RT, Fricke RF, Goon DJW. L-半胱氨酸前驱药物做为抵抗乙酰氨基酚诱发之肝毒性的保护剂。2-(Polyhydroxyalkyl)- and 2-(Polyacetoxyalkyl) thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic Acids. 医药化学期刊，1987, 30:1891-1896.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J.; Zera, R.T. L-cysteine prodrug protects against cyclophosphamide urotoxicity without compromising therapeutic activity. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 1991, 28, 166-170.

Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J.; Zera, R.T. 在未影响治疗过程下使用L-半胱氨酸前驱药来处理癌德星诱发之尿毒的效用。癌症化疗与药理学，1991, 28, 166-170.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J. Time course for the elevation of glutathione in numerous organs of L1210-bearing CDF1 mice given the L-cysteine prodrug, RibCys. Toxicology Letters, 1991, 59, 245-251.

Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J. 带L1210细胞之CDF1小鼠施予前驱药物L-半胱氨酸―RibCys―提升各器官谷胱甘肽浓度之时程。Toxicology Letters期刊，1991, 59, 245-251.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J. Mechanisms of Chemoprotection by RibCys, a Thiazolidine Prodrug of L-cysteine. Chem. Res., 1991, 1, 213-219.

Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J. RibCys—L-半胱氨酸噻唑烷前驱药—之化学保护作用机转。医学化学研究期刊，1991, 1, 213-219.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Charyulu, R. L.; Zera, R.T.; Nagasawa, H.T. Protection Against Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by Ribose-Cysteine (RibCys). Pharmacology & Toxicology, 1992, 70, 281-285.

Roberts, J.C.; Charyulu, R. L.; Zera, R.T.; Nagasawa, H.T. 对乙酰氨基酚诱发之肝毒性使用核醣-半胱氨酸后的保护效用。药理学与毒物学期刊，1992, 70, 281-285.

  1. Rowe, J.K.; Zera, R.T.; Madoff, R.D.; Fink, A.S.; Roberts, J.C.; Johnston, G.R.; Freeney, D.A.;Young, H.L.; Bubrick, M.P. Protective Effect of RibCys Following High-Dose Irradiation of the Rectosigmoid. Colon Rectum, 1993, 36(7), 681-687.

Rowe, J.K.; Zera, R.T.; Madoff, R.D.; Fink, A.S.; Roberts, J.C.; Johnston, G.R.; Freeney, D.A.;Young, H.L.; Bubrick, M.P. 直肠乙状结肠高剂量辐射后使用RibCys之保护效果。结肠直肠期刊，1993, 36(7), 681-687.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J.; Zera, R.T. Chemoprotection against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Urotoxicity: Comparison of Nine Thiol Protective Agents. AntiCancer Research, 1994, 14, 389-396.

Roberts, J.C.; Francetic, D.J.; Zera, R.T. 利用化学保护作用对抗癌德星诱发之尿毒：九种硫醇保护剂之比较。抗癌研究期刊，1994, 14, 389-396.

  1. Carroll, M.P.; Zera, R.T.; Roberts, J.C.; Schlafmann, S.E.; Feeny, D.A.; Johnston, G.R.; West, M.A.; Bubrick, M.P. Efficacy of radioprotective agents in preventing small and large bowel radiation injury. Colon Rectum, 1995, 38(7), 716-722.

Carroll, M.P.; Zera, R.T.; Roberts, J.C.; Schlafmann, S.E.; Feeny, D.A.; Johnston, G.R.; West, M.A.; Bubrick, M.P. 辐射保护剂对预防小型及大型肠道辐射伤害之效用。结肠直肠期刊，1995, 38(7), 716-722.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Koch, K.E.; Detrick, S.R.; Warters, R.L.; Lubec G. Thiazolidine Prodrugs of Cysteamine and Cysteine as Radioprotective Agents. Radiation Research, 1995, 143, 203-213.

Roberts, J.C.; Koch, K.E.; Detrick, S.R.; Warters, R.L.; Lubec G. 使用半胱胺及半胱氨酸之噻唑烷前驱药做为辐射保护剂。辐射研究期刊，1995, 143, 203-213.

  1. Bantseev, V.; Bhardwaj, R.; Rathbun, W.; Nagasawa, H.T.; Trevithick, J.R. Antioxidants and Cataract: (Cataract Induction in Space Environment and Application to Terrestrial Aging Cataract). Mol. Bio. Intl., 1997, 42, 1189-1197.

Bantseev, V.; Bhardwaj, R.; Rathbun, W.; Nagasawa, H.T.; Trevithick, J.R. 抗氧化剂与白内障：(太空环境诱发之白内障与陆地上老化白内障之应用)。国际生化与分子生物学期刊，1997, 42, 1189-1197.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Phaneuf, H.L.; Szakacs, J.G.; Zera, R.T.; Lamb, J.G.; Franklin, M.R. Differential Chemoprotection against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Latentiated L-Cysteines. Res. Toxicol., 1998, 11, 1274-1282.

Roberts, J.C.; Phaneuf, H.L.; Szakacs, J.G.; Zera, R.T.; Lamb, J.G.; Franklin, M.R. 潜伏性L-半胱氨酸处理乙酰氨基酚诱发的肝脏毒性时之不同化学保护作用。毒理学期刊，1998, 11, 1274-1282.

  1. Roberts, J.C.; Phaneuf, H.L.; Dominick, P.K.; Wilmore, B.H.; Cassidy, P.B. Biodistribution of [35S] – Cysteine and Cysteine Prodrugs: Potential Impact on Chemoprotection Strategies. Labelled Cpd. Radiopharm., 1999, 42, 485-495.

Roberts, J.C.; Phaneuf, H.L.; Dominick, P.K.; Wilmore, B.H.; Cassidy, P.B. [35S]生物分布 – 半胱氨酸与半胱氨酸前驱药：对化学保护作用策略的可能影响。标志Cpd.核医药物期刊，1999, 42, 485-495.

  1. Lucus, A.M.; Henning G.; Dominick, P.K.; Whiteley, H.E.; Roberts, J.C.; Cohen, S.D. Ribose Cysteine Protects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic and Renal Toxicity. Toxicologic Pathology, 2000, 28(5), 697-704.

Lucus, A.M.; Henning G.; Dominick, P.K.; Whiteley, H.E.; Roberts, J.C.; Cohen, S.D. 使用核糖半胱氨酸处理对乙酰氨基酚诱发的肝脏与肾脏毒性。毒物病理学，2000, 28(5), 697-704.

  1. Wilmore, B.H.; Cassidy, P.B.; Warters, R.L.; Roberts, J.C. Thiazolidine Prodrugs as Protective Agents against γ-Radiation-Induced Toxicity and Mutagenesis in V79 Cells. Med. Chem., 2001, 44(16), 2661-2666.

Wilmore, B.H.; Cassidy, P.B.; Warters, R.L.; Roberts, J.C. 以噻唑烷前驱药做为治疗V79细胞中y辐射诱发之毒性与突变的保护剂。医药化学期刊，2001, 44(16), 2661-2666.

  1. Lenarczyk, M.; Ueno, A.; Vannais, D.B.; Kraemer, S.; Kronenberg, A.; Roberts, J.C.; Tatsumi, K.; Hei, T.K.; Waldren, C.A. The “pro-drug” RibCys decreases the mutagenicity of high-LET radiation in cultured mammalian cells. Radiation Research, 2003, 160, 579-583.

Lenarczyk, M.; Ueno, A.; Vannais, D.B.; Kraemer, S.; Kronenberg, A.; Roberts, J.C.; Tatsumi, K.; Hei, T.K.; Waldron, C.A. 前驱药物RibCys可降低培养哺乳动物细胞中高线性能量转移(LET)辐射之致突变性。辐射研究期刊，2003, 160, 579-583.

  1. Waldren, C.A.; Vannais, D.B.; Ueno A.M. A role for long-lived radicals (LLR) in radiation-induced mutation and persistent chromosomal instability: counteraction by Ascorbate and RibCys but not DMSO. Mutation Research, 2004, 551:255-265.

Waldren, C.A.; Vannais, D.B.; Ueno A.M. 长寿自由基造成辐射性突变与持续性染色体不稳定所扮演的角色：利用抗坏血酸与RibCys等非二甲基亚砜进行的中和作用。突变研究期刊，2004, 551:255-265.

  1. Lucas Slitt, A.M.; Dominick, P.K.; Roberts, J.C.; Cohen, S.D. Effect of ribose cysteine pretreatment on hepatic and renal acetaminophen metabolite formation and glutathione depletion. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2005, 96 (6), 487-94.

Lucas Slitt, A.M.; Dominick, P.K.; Roberts, J.C.; Cohen, S.D. 核糖半胱氨酸预防性治疗对肝肾乙酰氨基酚代谢产物形成及谷胱甘肽减少之影响。基础与临床药理学和毒理学期刊，2005, 96 (6), 487-94.

  1. Oz, H.S.; Chen, T.S.; Nagasawa, H., Comparative efficacies of 2 cysteine prodrugs and a glutathione delivery agent in a colitis model. Translational Research, 2007, 150(2), 122-129.

Oz, H.S.; Chen, T.S.; Nagasawa, H., C结肠炎模式中两种半胱氨酸前驱药物与谷胱甘肽输送媒介物之功效比较。转译研究，2007, 150(2), 122-129.

  1. Jurkowska, H.; Uchacz, T.; Roberts, J.; Wrobel, M. Potential therapeutic advantage of ribose-cysteine in the inhibition of astrocytoma cell proliferation. Amino Acids, 2011, 41, 131-139.

Jurkowska, H.; Uchacz, T.; Roberts, J.; Wrobel, M. 核醣-半胱氨酸抑制星状瘤细胞增生之潜在治疗优势。胺基酸期刊，2011, 41, 131-139.

  1. Walker R.B., Everette J.D. Comparative reaction rates of various antioxidants with ABTS radical cation. Agric Food Chem., 2009:57:1156-1161.

Walker R.B., Everette J.D. 多种抗氧化物与ABTS自由基阳离子之反应速率比较。农业及食品化学期刊，2009:57:1156-1161.

  1. Heman-Ackah, S.E.; Juhn, S.K.; Huang, T.C.; Wiedmann, T.S. A combination antioxidant therapy prevents age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6 mice. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2010, 143, 429-434.

Heman-Ackah, S.E.; Juhn, S.K.; Huang, T.C.; Wiedmann, T.S. 综合抗氧化剂治疗法预防C57BL/6小鼠因年龄导致之听力损失。耳鼻喉科—头颈外科，2010, 143, 429-434.

  1. Kader, T.; Porteous C.M.; Williams M.J.A.; Gieseg, S.P.; McCormick, S.P.A. Ribose-cysteine increases glutathione-based antioxidant status and reduces LDL in human lipoprotein(a) mice. Atherosclerosis, 2014, 237, 725-733.

Kader, T.; Porteous C.M.; Williams M.J.A.; Gieseg, S.P.; McCormick, S.P.A. Ribose-cysteine可提升含人类脂蛋白小鼠身上之谷胱甘肽抗氧化剂浓度并降低低密度脂蛋白(LDL)。动脉粥样硬化期刊，2014, 237, 725-733.

  1. Saltman A.E. D-Ribose-L-Cysteine supplementation enhances wound healing in a rodent model. Am J Surg., 2015, 210, 153-158.

Saltman A.E. 补充D-核醣-L-半胱氨酸可促进啮齿动物模式之伤口愈合。美国外科期刊，2015, 210, 153-158.

  1. Falana B, Adeleke O, Orenolu M, Osinubi A, Oyewopo A. Effect of D-ribose-L-cysteine on aluminum induced testicular damage in male Sprague-Dawley rats. JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 2017:21(2):94-100.

Falana B, Adeleke O, Orenolu M, Osinubi A, Oyewopo A. D-核糖-L-半胱氨酸对铝金属诱发睪丸损害之SD公大鼠的影响。JBRA辅助生殖期刊，2017:21(2):94-100.

  1. Joseph D.B., Olayemi O.S., Falana B.A., Duru F.I.O. Osinubi A.A.A. D-Ribose-L-Cysteine Maintained Testicular Integrity in Rats Model (Rattus Novergicus) Exposed to X-Ray. Nuclear Medicine, 2017(2)4:20-26.

Joseph D.B., Olayemi O.S., Falana B.A., Duru F.I.O. Osinubi A.A.A. 利用D-核醣-L-半胱氨酸维持接触X光小鼠模式之睪丸健康。核子医学，2017(2)4:20-26.

  1. N’guessan B.B., Amponsah S.K., Dugbartey G.J., Awuah K.D., Dotse E., Aning A., Kukuia K.K.E., Asiedu-Gyekye I.J., Appiah-Opong R. In Vitro Antioxidant Potential and Effect of a Glutathione-Enhancer Dietary Supplement on Selected Rat Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Activity. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018:7462839:8 pages.

N’guessan B.B., Amponsah S.K., Dugbartey G.J., Awuah K.D., Dotse E., Aning A., Kukuia K.K.E., Asiedu-Gyekye I.J., Appiah-Opong R. 谷胱甘肽膳食补充品对特定大鼠肝脏细胞色素P450酵素活性之体外抗氧化潜能与影响。实证辅助另类医学期刊，2018:7462839:8 pages.

  1. Awodele O, Badru W.A., Busari A.A., Kale O.E., Ajayi T.B., Udeh R.O. Emeka P.M. Toxicological evaluation of therapeutic and supra-therapeutic doses of Cellgevity® on reproductive function and biochemical indices in Wistar rats. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2018:19:68.

Awodele O, Badru W.A., Busari A.A., Kale O.E., Ajayi T.B., Udeh R.O. Emeka P.M. 疗效剂量与高于疗效剂量之Cellgevity®对Wistar大鼠生殖功能与生化指针之毒性评估。BMC药理学与毒理学杂志，2018:19:68.

  1. Cukrov D., Newman T.A.C., Leask M., Leeke B., Sarogni P., Patimo A., Kline A.D., Krantz I.D., Horsfield J.A., Musio A. Antioxidant treatment ameliorates phenotypic features of SMC1A-mutated Cornelia de Lange syndrome in vitro and in vivo. Human Molecular Genetics, 2018:27:17:3002-3011.

Cukrov D., Newman T.A.C., Leask M., Leeke B., Sarogni P., Patimo A., Kline A.D., Krantz I.D.,   Horsfield J.A., Musio A. 抗氧化剂治疗改善体外与体内SMC1A基因突变狄兰吉氏症候群之表现特征。人类分子遗传学，2018:27:17:3002-3011.

  1. Osinubi A.A.A, Medubi L.J., Akang E.N., Sodiq L.K., Samuel, T.A., Kusemiju T., Osolu J., Madu D., Fasanmade O. A comparison of the anti-diabetic potential of D-ribose-L-cysteine with insulin, and oral hypoglycaemic agents on pregnant rats. Toxicology Reports, 2018(5):832-838.

Osinubi A.A.A, Medubi L.J., Akang E.N., Sodiq L.K., Samuel, T.A., Kusemiju T., Osolu J., Madu D., Fasanmade O. D-核醣-L-半胱氨酸与胰岛素、口服降血糖药对怀孕大鼠之抗糖尿病作用比较。毒理学报告，2018(5):832-838.

  1. Emokpae O, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. D-Ribose-L-cysteine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced memory deficits through inhibition of oxidative stress, release of proinflammatory cytokines, and nuclear factor-kappa B expression in mice. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology, 07 January 2020.

Emokpae O, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. D-核醣-L-半胱氨酸可透过抑制小鼠氧化压力、促发炎细胞激素(促炎性细胞因子)释放及核转录因子活化B细胞表现来减缓脂多醣诱发的记忆缺损。Naunyn-Schmiedeberg的药理学档案，2020年1月7日。

  1. Kader T., Porteous M., Jones G., Dickerhof N., Narayana V.K., Taraknath S., McCormick S.P.A. Ribose-cysteine protects against the development of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice. PLoS ONE,15(2): e0228415. 02 21 2020.

Kader T., Porteous M., Jones G., Dickerhof N., Narayana V.K., Taraknath S., McCormick S.P.A. 核醣-半胱氨酸对抗apoE基因剔除小鼠之动脉粥状硬化。《公共科学图书馆：综合（PL PLoS ONE）》期刊，15(2): e0228415. 02 21 2020.

  1. Emokpae O, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. D-ribose-L-cysteine enhances memory task, attenuates oxidative stress and acetyl-cholinesterase activity in scopolamine amnesic mice. Drug Dev Res., March 11, 2020;1-8.

Emokpae O, Ben-Azu B, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. 东莨菪碱诱发失忆之小鼠使用D-核醣-L-半胱氨酸提升记忆、降低氧化压力与乙酰胆碱酶活性。药物开发研究期刊，3月11日, 2020;1-8.

  1. Amponsah S.K., N’guessan B.B, Akandawen, A.A., Agboli S.Y., Danso, E.A., Opuni K.F.M., Asiedu-Gyekye I.J., Appiah-Opong, R. Effect of Cellgevity Supplementation on Selected Rat Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Activity and Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Carbamazepine. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Volume 2020 (July 3), Article ID: 7956493, 8 pages.

Amponsah S.K., N’guessan B.B, Akandawen, A.A., Agboli S.Y., Danso, E.A., Opuni K.F.M., Asiedu-Gyekye I.J., Appiah-Opong, R. Cellgevity补充品对特定小鼠肝脏细胞色素P450酵素活性与癫通长效膜衣锭药物动力学参数之影响。实证补充与另类疗法期刊。2020 (7月3日)出版，文章编号：7956493，8页。

  1. Okoh, L., Ajayi, A.M., Ben-Azu, B., Akinluyi, E.T., Emokpae, O., Umukoro, S. D-Ribose-L-Cysteine exhibits adaptogenic-like activity through inhibition of oxido-inflammatory responses and increased neuronal caspase-3 activity in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress. Molecular Biology Reports. 2020 47:7709-7722.

Okoh, L., Ajayi, A.M., Ben-Azu, B., Akinluyi, E.T., Emokpae, O., Umukoro, S. 观察处于无法预测慢性轻微压力下之小鼠在抑制氧负离子基发炎反应与提升凋亡蛋白酶-3作用后D-核糖-L-半胱氨酸的生理调节作用。分子生物学报告期刊。2020 47:7709-7722.

  1. Medubi, L.J., Nwosu, N.C., Medubi, O.O., Lawal, O.R., Ama, C., Kusemiju, T.O., Osinubi, A.A.A. Increased de novo glutathione production enhances sexual dysfunctions in rats subjected to paradoxical sleep deprivation. JBRA Assisted reproduction. September 30, 2020; 1-8.

Medubi, L.J., Nwosu, N.C., Medubi, O.O., Lawal, O.R., Ama, C., Kusemiju, T.O., Osinubi, A.A.A. 从源头提升谷胱甘肽生成以改善快速动眼期睡眠剥夺之小鼠的性功能障碍。JBRA辅助生殖期刊。2020年9月30日；1-8。

  1. Ogunlade, B., Gbotolorun S.C., Ogunlade, A.A. D-Ribose-L-Cysteine modulates lead acetate-induced hematobiochemical alterations, hormonal imbalance, and ovarian toxicity in adult female Wistar rats. Drug and Chemical Toxicology. November 7, 2020; 1-8.

Ogunlade, B., Gbotolorun S.C., Ogunlade, A.A. D-核糖-L-半胱氨酸调节成年雌性Wistar大鼠中乙酸铅诱导的血液生化改变、荷尔蒙失衡和卵巢毒性。药物与化学物质毒性期刊。2020年11月7日；1-8。

  1. Ogunlade, B., Fidelis, O.P., Afolayan, O.O., Agie, J.A. Neurotherapeutic and antioxidant response of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine nutritional dietary supplements on Alzheimer-type hippocampal neurodegeneration induced by cuprizone in adult male wistar rate model. Food and Chemical Toxicology. November 11, 2020; 1-9.

Ogunlade, B., Fidelis, O.P., Afolayan, O.O., Agie, J.A. 在成年Wistar公鼠因铜螯合剂诱发阿兹海默症导致海马回神经退化后观察D-核糖-L-半胱氨酸营养膳食补充品的神经治疗与抗氧化作用。食品与化学物质毒性期刊。2020年11月11日；1-9。

38. Ojetola, A.A., Adedeji, T.G., Fasanmade, A.A. Changes in antioxidants status, atherogenic index and cardiovascular variables after prolonged doses of D-ribose-L-cysteine in male Wistar rats. Heliyon 7 (2021) e06287.

39. Medubi, L.J., Nwosu, N.C., Medubi, O.O., Lawal, O.R., Ama C., Kusemiju T.O., Osinubi A.A.A. Increased de novo glutathione production enhances sexual dysfunctions in rats subjected to paradoxical sleep deprivation. JBRA Assisted Reproduction 2021; 25(2):215-222.

40. Verrilli, A.M, Leibman, N.F., Hohenhaus, A.E., Mosher, B.A. Safety and efficacy of a ribose-cysteine supplement to increase erythrocyte glutathione concentration in healthy dogs. AJVR. 2021; 82(8). 653-658.

41. Ogunlade, B., Adelakun, S.A., Ukwenya, V.O., Elemoso, T.T. Potentiating response of D-Ribose-LCysteine on Sodium arsenate-induced hormonal imbalance, spermatogenesis impairments and histomorphometric alterations in adult male Wistar rat. JBRA Assisted Reproduction. 2021; 25(3): 358-367.